For each channel any COM port ( COM 1 till COM 16 ) can be selected.

An individual modem can be installed and connected for each channel. LIAN 98 is able to process up to four modems in the range of COM 1 till COM 16 simultaneously. Select here the modem assigned to the selected channel. Normally this assignment will be recognized by LIAN 98 and the corresponding modem will be set.

The settings of the modem must be executed via the windows control panel "telephone and modem options". With this button you can check the modem settings and see if they correspond to the LIAN 98 configuration.

0 ... 1000 msec
This parameter ist only used for the connection type "half duplex" and is determined by the initial transient behaviour of the used transmission equipment.
The RTS Leading defines the delay time from activating RTS signal to transmitting the first character and is used for modems whithout the hardware handshake signals "RTS and CTS". In this case the "RTS signal" must be led back over the "CTS line" to the PC with the help of a brazing bridge in the monitor cable. Dependent of the used modem it may be necessary to connect additionally the DTR-pin with the DSR-pin.
This function is deactivated if the "Leading and the Trailing" is set to NULL and therefore the control signals are analyzed diectly from the modem.

0 ... 1000 msec
This parameter ist only used for the connection type "half duplex" and is determined by the final transient behaviour of the used transmission equipment.
The RTS Trailing defines the delay time from the last character transmitted up to the RTS signal is deactivated.
This function is deactivated, if the "Leading and the Trailing" is set to NULL.

Transmission speed : 25 - 115200 baud ( variable )

8 bit ( fixed )

1 bit ( variable )

even ( variable )

1 - 9999 msec ( variable )

0... 2, structured or unstructured can be selected.

The link address field is optional. If it exists it contains of one or two octets in the link layer. The length of the link address is a parameter defined by the system.

dec / hex

The display of the LINK address in the screen output is done corresponding to the setting of the display format decimal or hexadecimal.

The 16 bit LINK address can be divided in maximum 4 bit-fields. In the default division the address is byte by byte structured ( 8 + 8 ). But also any other values can be set ( e. g. 2 + 6 + 8 ). The entry begins always from the higher bit and the sum of all bits must be of course 16.

1... 2, structured or unstructured can be selected.

The ASDU address field contains of one or two octets in the data unit identifier. The length of the common address of the ASDU is a parameter defined by the system.

dec / hex

The display of the ASDU address in the screen output is done corresponding to the setting of the display format decimal or hexadecimal.

The 16 bit ASDU address can be divided in maximum 4 bit-fields. In the default division the address is byte by byte structured ( 8 + 8 ). But also any other values can be set ( e. g. 2 + 6 + 8 ). The entry begins always from the higher bit and the sum of all bits must be of course 16.

1... 3, structured or unstructured can be selected.

The object address field consists of one, two or three octets in the identifier of the information object. The length of the information object address is a parameter defined by the system.

dec / hex

The display of the object address in the screen output is done corresponding to the setting of the display format decimal or hexadecimal.

The 24 bit object address can be divided in maximum 6 bit-fields. In the default division the address is byte by byte structured ( 8 + 8 + 8 ). But also any other values can be set ( e. g. 2 + 6 + 4 + 4 + 8 ). The entry begins always from the higher bit and the sum of all bits must be of course 24.

yes / no

All telegrams to be sent are provided with the link address of the SIM list during master simulation.

Exception for unbalanced mode :
. If the link address 255 ( one octet address ) or 65535 ( two octet address ) of a "BROADCAST command" is inserted in a telegram of the TDB buffer, the telegram will be transmitted unchanged with the address already inserted.
. If a link address of the scan list is inserted in the telegram it will be transmitted unchanged with the address already inserted.

All telegrams to be sent are provided with the ASDU address of the SIM list during master simulation.

Exception for unbalanced mode :
. If the ASDU address 255 ( one octet address ) or 65535 ( two octet address ) of a "BROADCAST command" is inserted in a telegram of the TDB buffer, the telegram will be transmitted unchanged with the address already inserted. 
. If a ASDU address out of the scan list is inserted in the telegram, it will be transmitted unchanged with the address already inserted.

All telegrams to be sent during RTI simulation will be provided with the origin address of the SIM list..

1 - 30 000 msec

The IEC 60870-5 standard specifies a fixed time out interval to be used for repeated frame transmissions. The time out interval and maximum number of retries are configurable and appropriate values will depend on the transmission system.

This parameter determines the time in milliseconds that the program LIAN 98 as primary station at most has to wait for an acknowledge before the last transmission is repeated.

0 - 255

Via this parameter it is defined how many times the transmission is to be repeated when the acknowledge is missing.

yes / no

The primary station synchronizes its link with the secondary station by transmitting "Request link status" and "Reset of remote link". The secondary station responds with "Status of link" and "ACK". When "ACK" was received from the primary station the link connection is established.

TDB buffer number where the message "Request link status" ( PRM = 1, function 9 ) is stored.

TDB buffer number where the message "Request link status" ( PRM = 1, function 0 ) is stored.

yes / no

After the initialization of the communication LIAN 98 will transmit first of all a time synchronization command and will repeat it cyclic ( Clock SYNC cycle time ), if this parameter is activated.

yes / no

The system time of the PC will be taken over into the time synchronization command ( ID 103, COT 6 ) before the telegram will be transmitted, if this parameter is activated. Alternatively the telegram remains unchanged as before edited by the user.

1 - 1440 minutes

Dependent on this time LIAN 98 as master station will transmit the time synchronization command continually.

TDB buffer number where the command "C_CS_NA_1" ( ID 103, COT 6 ) is stored.

yes / no

After the initialization of the communication LIAN 98 will transmit a general interrogation command and will repeat it cyclic ( GI cycle time ) when necessary, if this parameter is activated.

1 - 1440 minutes

Dependent on this time LIAN 98 as master station will transmit the general interrogation command continually.

TDB buffer number where the command "C_IC_NA_1" ( ID 100, COT 6 ) is stored.

Unbalanced : ( party line )
All stations to be processed at this line have to be inserted into the scan list. LIAN 98 establishes the connection to this stations and interrogates continuously the user data of this stations.

In order to insert the addresses please proceed as follows :

Activate "Insert scan addresses" ( button "insert" will be displayed ).
Insert in the fields "Link address" / "Address of ASDU" the station to be entered in the scan list.
Take over the addresses into the scan list by clicking "insert".
When all stations are inserted, please deactivate "insert scan addresses" ( button "insert" disappears ).

In order to delete a station out of this list select it and click "delete".

Unbalanced : yes / no

When the communication establishment is finished, LIAN 98 starts automatically the request of the user data ( class 1/ 2 ). If this requests are not wanted it can be deactivated here.

Unbalanced :
TDB buffer number where the message "Request user data class 1" ( PRM = 1, function 10 ) is stored.

Unbalanced :
TDB buffer number where the message "Request user data class 2" ( PRM = 1, function 11 ) is stored.

Unbalanced : 0 - 30 000 msec

This parameter determines the time that the program LIAN 98 delays the next request of data class 1 or 2.

yes / no

An "Activate Execute Command" ( COT 6, execute command ) is automatically sent from LIAN 98 during Master simulation after the receipt of an "ACTCON Respond" ( COT 7, select command )  when this parameter is activated.

This parameter defines the time in seconds that the program LIAN 98 as primary station at most has to wait for an "ACTCON Respond" ( COT 7 ) or "DEACTCON Respond" ( COT 9 ) before the message "*E: ACTCON missing !" is displayed.

This parameter defines the time in seconds that the program LIAN 98 as primary station at most has to wait for an "ACTTERM Respond" ( COT 10 ) before the message "*E: ACTTERM missing !" is displayed.

yes / no

The test procedure is used to check the complete loop from the controlling station to the controlled station and back.

A test command is sent from LIAN 98 after the initialization of the communication and repeated cyclic when necessary, if this parameter is activated.

0 - 255 seconds

Depending on this time LIAN 98 as master station will continually send the test command.

TDB buffer number where the test command "C_TS_NB_1" ( ID 104, COT 6 ) is stored.

All telegrams to be sent will be provided with the link address out of the SIM list during slave simulation.

All telegrams to be sent will be provided with the ASDU address out of the SIM list during slave simulation.

All telegrams to be sent during slave simulation will be provided with the origin address out of the SIM list ( = address of the master ).

Balanced : 1 - 30 000 msec

The IEC 870-5-101 standard specifies a fixed time out interval to be used for repeated frame transmissions. The time out interval and the maximum number of retries are configurable and appropriate values are depend on the transmission system.

This parameter determines the time in milliseconds that the program LIAN 98 as primary station ( only balanced ) at most has to wait for an acknowledge before the last transmission is repeated.

Balanced : 0 - 255

Via this parameter it is defined how many times the last transmission is to be repeated when the acknowledge is missing.

Balanced : yes / no

The primary station synchronizes its link with the secondary station by transmitting "Request link status" and "Reset of remote link". The secondary station responds with "Status of link" and "ACK" respectively, and when the "ACK" is received in the primary station the link connection is established.

The initialization procedure may be completed with the message "End of initialization" ( ID 70 ), sent by the controlled station.

Balanced :
TDB buffer number where the "Request link status" message "Request link status" ( PRM = 1, function 9 ) is stored.

Balanced :
TDB buffer number where the fixed length message "Reset of remote link" ( PRM = 1, Function 0 ) is stored.

yes / no

TDB buffer number where the message "M_EI_NA_1" ( ID 70, COT 4 ) is stored.

yes / no

The current system time of the PC is given back in the activation confirmation of the time synchronization command, if this parameter is activated. Otherwise the received time will be only mirrored.

yes / no

The system time of the PC will be adjusted to the received time values of the time synchronization command ( ID 103, COT 6 ), if this parameter is activated.

0 - 9 999 msec

A correction value can be entered for the setting of the PC system time with a time synchronization command. It will be added onto the received value in the synchronization command.

TDB buffer number where the time message "C_CS_NA_1" ( ID 103, COT 3 ) is stored.

C_CS_NA_1 in monitoring direction can be used to a spontaneous transmission of the time additionally to the procedure after 6.7 of IEC 60870-5-5. (e.g. change of hour )

The system time of the PC will be inserted in the time synchronization command ( ID 103 COT 6 ) before transmission. Otherwise the telegram remains unchanged as before edited by the user.

Unbalanced : yes / no

Data acquisition is done via cyclic transmission of the short message  "Request data class 2" ( function 11 ) in interrogation systems. Substations that have no data of this class response normally with the short message "data not available" ( FKT=9 ). It can also be answered with the single sign "E5H" if the ACD bit = 0.

Unbalanced : yes / no

 

yes / no

When this parameter is activated, LIAN 98 will transmit automatically an "Activate Confirm" ( COT 7 ) or "Deactivate Confirm" respond ( COT 9 ) during slave simulation after the receipt of an "Activate" ( COT 6 ) or "Deactivate" command ( COT 8 ).

yes / no

When this parameter is activated, LIAN 98 will transmit automatically an "Activation Termination" respond ( COT 10 ) delayed for "ACTTERM delay time" during slave simulation after the receipt of an "Activation" command ( COT 6 ).

This parameter defines the time in seconds that the program LIAN 98 delays the transmission of the "Activation Termination" respond ( COT 10 ).

The primary station synchronizes its link with the secondary station by transmitting "Request status of link" ( FKT = 9 ) and "Reset of remote link" ( FKT = 0 ). The secondary station responds with "Status of link" ( FKT = 11 ) and "ACK" ( FKT = 0 ) and when the "ACK" is received of the primary station the connection is established.

The station initialization will be done by LIAN 98 automatically when the master (RTI)- or the slave (RTU) simulation is started.

The RTI simulation will initiate a test command to start the test procedure after the connection is established and the test procedure is enabled. Optional the automatic time synchronization and the general interrogation can be activated.

In case of the RTU simulation LIAN 98 will transmit an "End of initialization/ M_EI_NA_1" ( ID 70, COT 4 ) message, if it's parameterized in the SIM list.

Data acquisition is used in unbalanced data transmission procedures to update the controlling station with actual states of process variables in the controlled stations. The controlling station performs polling by interrogating ( function code 10 and 11 ) the controlled stations sequentially. Controlled stations may only transmit when they are polled.

Polling is done automatically by LIAN 98 when (RTI) simulation is started and the link transmission procedure in the configuration is set to "U = unbalanced" and is not deactivated via the SIM list.

Cyclic data transmission is used to provide a continuous updating function of current values of process variables in balanced and unbalanced transmission procedures.

A cyclic data transmission is done in LIAN 98 via sending cyclic send jobs ( see "transmit" ) or a not terminated send sequence ( see "send sequence list" ).

There are two classes of data specified, class 1 data contains spontaneous data and class 2 data contains cyclic data. Also defined is the link service "Request user data class 2" ( FCT 11 ) used for polling controlled stations. Two consequences are possible in each controlled station when the polling telegram is received:

No spontaneous data are available :
In this case the link layer of the controlled station responds by a fixed frame message "Requested data not available" ( FCT 9 ) and the controlling station continues its polling procedure by polling the next controlled station.

Spontaneous data are available :
In this case the controlled station also responds by the fixed frame message "Requested data not available" ( FCT 9 ) but this time with the "ACD bit" set, indicating that spontaneous data are available and waiting for transfer. The controlling station then sends a "Request user data class 1" ( FCT 10 ) message, and the controlled station responds by transmitting an event ASDU.

A spontaneous data transmission can be done in the RTU simulation in LIAN 98 via sending single send jobs ( see "transmit" ) or a send sequence ( see "send sequence list" ).

The general interrogation application function is used to update the controlling station after the station initialization procedure or when the controlling station detects a loss of information.

The general interrogation procedure of the controlling station requests the controlled station to transmit the actual values of all its process variables. The interrogation procedure is finished when the controlling station receives an "End of interrogation message".

The information transfer is triggered by an interrogation command ( ID 100, COT 6 ) message from the controlling station to the controlled station, which responds with an interrogation confirmation ( ID 100, COT 7 ) message. The controlled station transmits the interrogated information by means of one or more monitored information ASDUs. The last information ASDU is then followed by an "interrogation termination" message ( ID 100, COT 10 ), indicating that all information has been transferred.

The confirmation ( ACTCON ) and the termination of the general interrogation ( ACTTERM ) is done automatically in LIAN 98 if this is activated in the simulation list. Transmission of requested user data can be done via an entry in the action filter ( see "Action filters" ) or when process data are loaded by processing the data point list ( siehe auch "Simulate data points" ).

Date and time of controlled stations are initially synchronized by the controlling station after initialization and afterwards re-synchronized periodically.

A clock synchronization command ( ID 103 ) containing the full current clock time is sent from the controlling station. After the execution of the clock synchronization the controlled station generates a confirmation message which contains the local time before synchronization.

The controlling station sends a "SELECT command" ( ID 45... 50, COT 6 ) to the controlled station, which responds by a "SELECT confirmation" ( COT 7 ) message if it is ready to receive the announced command. The time from the "SELECT command" to the "SELECT confirmation" is controlled by a configurable timeout interval ( Response timeout ).

A successful select procedure may then be deactivated by a break off. This command is transmitted by a "BREAK OFF command" ( COT 8 ) and the controlled station responds by a "BREAK OFF confirmation" ( COT 9 ) message. The time between these messages is controlled by a timeout interval ( Response timeout ).

If appropriate, an "EXECUTE command" ( ID 45... 51, COT 6 ) is sent to the controlled station, which responds by an "EXECUTE confirmation" ( COT 7 ) message ( positive when the specified control action begins, otherwise negative ). This procedure is also non interruptible and the time from the "EXECUTE command" to the "EXECUTE confirmation" is controlled by a configurable timeout interval. An "EXECUTE termination" ( COT 10 ) message is issued from the controlled station when the command application procedure is completed successfully. The addressed equipment should now change its state, and the new state is indicated to the controlling station by a spontaneous data message.

The confirmations ( ACTCON ) for the "SELECT command" and the "EXECUTE command" or "EXECUTE termination" ( ACTTERM ) message is done automatically in LIAN 98 if this is activated in the simulation list. The transmission of the change of state can be done manually or via an entry in the action filter ( see "Action filters ). If process data are loaded and the corresponding data point is available in the list the change of state is sent out of the data point list ( siehe auch "Simulate data points" ).

Integrated totals are values that are integrated over a defined period of time.

Parameter loading is used to change predefined parameters, e.g. dead band values that define when analogue measurements are to be transmitted. Parameters can only be transmitted from the controlling station as a result of an operator command.

To load a new parameter value, the controlling station sends a PARAMETER LOAD command ( ID 110... 112 ) to the controlled station in order to load a new parameter. The PARAMETER LOAD command is acknowledged by the controlled station by transmitting a PARAMETER LOAD confirmation message.

The test procedure is used to check the complete loop from the controlling station to the controlled station and back.

The controlling station initiates a test command by sending a "TEST command" message ( ID 104, COT 6 ). This ASDU is mirrored by the controlled station as a "TEST confirmation" ( COT 7 ) message. The controlling station compares the transmitted TEST message with the mirrored message, and if the messages are identical the test result is positive.

File transfers from controlled stations are mainly used to inform the controlling station of events that had occurred. It concerns the registration of extensive data records.

File transfers in command direction are mainly used for down-line loading of parameter lists of programs.

yes / no

If a parameter list contains of valid process data they may also be used for the simulation. LIAN 98 takes into account this process data during simulation if this parameter is activated. For example LIAN 98 will send back to the master the correct change state of the switch after the receipt of a command ( ID 45, 46, 58 and 59 ) depending on the data point description.

The parameter list is organized line by line and can accommodate up to 2500 data points, each line is one data point.

With the activation of the process send button process telegrams are generated of all data points and sent, starting from "line from". The transmission will completed by "till line" or by repeatedly pressing of the button.

1 ... number of data points

LIAN 98 starts from this or any subsequent line with generating and sending of process telegrams. The condition is that the data type is in accordance with the simulation mode. The RTI simulation uses only data types in control direction and the RTU simulation data types in monitoring direction.

> line from ; maximum number of data points

LIAN 98 stops in this or a previous line generating and sending of process telegrams.

0 ... 255 [sec]

Is the time that is observed between two consecutive process telegrams. If is set to 0 a gap of 100 msec is used.

1 ... 255

The processing of the simulation range can be repeated, depending on the parameter "number of passes".

yes / no

If this parameter is activated, LIAN 98 during RTU simulation will send back to the master the correct change of state of the switch after the receipt of a process command ( ID 45, 46, 58 and 59 ) provided that the indication is defined in the data point description ( PAR list ).

yes / no

If this parameter is activated, LIAN 98 during RTU simulation will send interrogated information to the master after the receipt of a GI command ( ID 100 ) depending on the indications in the PAR list. The selection of the indications is limited by the simulation range "line from" and "line till".

1 ... 128

This parameter specifies the number of interrogated messages that are block-wise constructed to telegramms and sent afterwards. A pause is taken after a block has been constructed, corresponding to the parameter "gap time between GI blocks" before building the next block. Values for blocking and gap time vary dependent on the baud rate.

1 ... 36000 [x 100 msec]

The construction of a GI block requires much less time than the subsequent sending. The transmission time is determined by the baud rate. The gap time between the blocks corresponds approximately to the transmission time for the messages in a block. For a baud rate of 9600 and a blocking of 10 messages about 3 seconds are indicated.

yes / no

With this option already set monitoring filters for one channel can be deactivated temporarily without deleting them.

Here monitoring can be filtered for telegram specific values in which several OR-linked filter masks can be defined for the channel.

yes / no

With this option already set action filters for one channel can be deactivated temporarily without deleting them.

The action filter is described over telegram specific features corresponding to a filter setting. Additionally each action filter requires an allocation to a send buffer or alternatively to a send sequence.

In correspondence with the action filter the message buffer "from" or the message buffers "from/ till" are to be sent.

In correspondence with the action filter the send sequence is to be started at line number "from" or to be started at line number "from" and to be ended at line number "till".

yes / no

With this option already set start triggers for one channel can be deactivated temporarily without deleting them.

Here you can define telegram specific start triggers for monitoring in which several OR-linked triggers can be defined for the channel.

yes / no

With this option already set stop triggers for one channel can be deactivated temporarily without deleting them.

Here you can define telegram specific stop triggers for monitoring in which several OR-linked triggers can be defined for the channel.

Everything is displayed :
link layer + data unit identifier + information objects/ elements

No link layer is displayed :
data unit identifier + information objects/ elements

Only information objects/ elements are displayed.

Only link layer is displayed.

No information objects/ elements are displayed :
link layer + data unit identifier

Within a telegram, there may be no pause between characters. In case of timeout occurs it is assumed that it is the end of the telegram and the telegram check is started. The sensitivity can be parameterized in the configuration ( timeout ).
Normally a time out is no error, but it is stored in the Pro file together with the initial error for a better analysis of the faulty transmission line in connection with a line error.

Error during writing on the COM port. May be it is already occupied by another program.

The length of the telegram is wrong.

The repetition of the length or the start characters ( 68H ) in the message header are faulty, or the stop byte ( 16H ) is missing or set wrongly. For a fixed frame telegram, may be the parameter "Number of link address fields" is not set correct.

The message checksum in the checksum byte is incorrect.

The receive routine initially searches for 68H, 10H, E5H ( or A2H ). Each other character is noted as synchronization error and inserted in the PRO file.

Error message from the UART. This error is noted only in the PRO file.

Error message from the UART. This error is noted only in the PRO file.

Error message from the UART. This error is noted only in the PRO file.

The information stored in the field "variable structure qualifier" is senseless, it is probably caused by wrong field length in the parameterization.

The length of the information ( object ) range is not plausible.

Balanced : Direction bit is set wrong.

Primary message bit is set wrong.

Frame count bit is set wrong.

Frame count bit valid is not correct set.

No station initialization is done, but in the message the FCV bit is already set to valid.

The respond at this time was not expected.

The received link address is incorrect or the entry in the SIM list is wrong.

The received ASDU address is incorrect or the entry in the SIM list is wrong.

The TypeID set in the ASDU is not provided ( see Protocol specific parameter - PAR file ) or is not expected as feedback.

The TypeID  set in the ASDU is not provided. ( see Protocol specific parameter - PAR file )

An expected "Activation Confirm" ( COT 7 ) respond was not received within the parameterized "Response timeout".

An expected "Activation Termination" ( COT 10 ) respond was not received within the parameterized response timeout..

The "common Address of ASDU" is normally the station number and the same for all objects in an ASDU. According to standard it contains of 1 or 2 octets ( high, low ). In LIAN 98 the process data always refer to one station. For the simulation this address must also be entered into the RTI- or RTU list.
( see : <IEC 60870-5-101 : Simulation> )

The input can be done structured as well as unstructured.

maximum 15 ASCII characters
For a better documentation of the data tests is the station name together with the name of the data point displayed as plaintext.

Address of the data point
The address of the information object is used as target address in control direction and as source address in monitoring direction. The 3rd octet ( high ) is only used if the address of the information object is structured in order to define unambiguous addresses within a certain system.

The input can be done structured as well as unstructured.

Type identification ( TypeID )
The type, the structure and the format of the information object are defined with the TypeID.
For a better overview the name of the ASDU is in addition displayed automatically by LIAN 98.

Object state ( OFF, ON, ... )
. state of the single-, double command or the regulating step command 
. state of the single- or double information

changing state
With the activation of the process send button  the data point is sent for the first time with the state of the object indicated in the list and subsequent increased by the "step value". The advantage during testing is that the state of the data point has changed in the next pass. There is no state change if the step value is not indicated or if it is zero.
( see : <IEC 60870-5-101 : Simulate data points> )

qualifier of command ( QOC ) : select / execute
0 : execute
1 : select

If in the data S/E for commands is not defined, zero is sent !

qualifier of command ( QOC ) : Command pulse duration 
0 : Pulse duration is defined in the substation 
1 : short pulse duration ( circuit breaker )
2 : long pulse duration
3 : persistent output

If in the data no pulse duration for commands is defined, zero is sent !

maximum 69 ASCII characters
For a better documentation of the data tests, the name of the data point together with the station name is displayed as plaintext.